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Study of the regulatory properties of oncogenic microRNAs under normal and pathologically altered conditions in order to detect new tumors.
Dusílková, Nina Borisovna ; Stopka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Machová Poláková, Kateřina (referee) ; Rohoň, Peter (referee)
Oncogenic microRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that inhibit post-translational regulatory mechanisms at the epigenetic level. miRNAs are often deregulated in malignancies and due to their stability are detectable in non-cellular fractions of peripheral blood. In our laboratory, we have performed several studies that have investigated and utilized miRNAs as biomarkers for various hematological tumors (e.g., chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin`s lymphoma) and solid tumors (e.g., breast cancer). The aim of these studies was to find the association of miRNAs with pathophysiological and clinical aspects of each disease. Here, we confirmed the importance of particular miRNA or its complex during disease monitoring. Combining clinical, molecular biological and statistical analyses, we were able to find miRNA sets that fulfilled not only a diagnostic role but also a prognostic role beyond expectations. The main focus of this thesis is on the investigation of microRNAs in the diagnosis of a hematological malignancy - primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Tumor specificity of some miRNAs has been demonstrated. Their aberrant expression in tissue samples of CTCL patients obtained from skin biopsies, correctly distinguished malignant disease from control samples of benign skin lesions. Here, we...
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Potential role of skin microbiota in the pathogenesis of dermatological diseases
Mihula, Martin ; Jirásková Zákostelská, Zuzana (advisor) ; Grobárová, Valéria (referee)
The surface of the human body is colonized by a large number of microorganisms whose composition depends not only on external and internal factors, but is also significantly influenced by the topography of human skin. The complex skin microbiota is an essential part of physiological and protective mechanisms of the skin. The change in the dynamics of microbial communities on the skin or in the gastrointestinal tract is currently considered to be part of triggering mechanisms of many skin diseases. Some of the skin inflammatory diseases are directly associated with a shift of skin microbiota composition - for instance atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris or psoriasis. Gaining and perceiving knowledge about interspecies interactions and their effect on a host could lead to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches which could make the prevention or treatment of some skin disorders more effective. Key words: skin, skin diseases, skin microbiota, immunity, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo
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Pathogenesis of eczema vaccinatum
Elsterová, Jana ; Mělková, Zora (advisor) ; Forstová, Jitka (referee)
Vaccinia virus (VACV) is primarily known as a vaccine against its relative variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox. In the seventies of the 20th century, the vaccination campaign with VACV led to eradication of smallpox. Consequently, vaccination of the general population was stopped. Currently, the vaccination was reintroduced, namely among army and healthcare professionals. However, vaccination with VACV is accompanied with a high incidence of vaccination-related complications, namely among immunocompromised individuals. One of the complications is eczema vaccinatum, occuring in patients with atopic dermatitis. The laboratory of Dr. Melkova has focused on development of a model of eczema vaccinatum in mice Nc/Nga and on studies of pathogenesis of this complication. The goal of my diploma thesis is to contribute to characterization of imunopathogenesis of eczema vaccinatum in mice Nc/Nga infected either with VACV strain Western Reserve (WR) or with a recombinant VACV with the integrated cDNA for IRF-3 (Interferon Regulatory Factor 3; WR-IRF3). IRF-3 regulates the expression of interferon type I in response to viral infection. This recombinant virus has been constructed in the laboratory of Dr. Melková. The objective of my work was to verify the expression of the integrated cDNA for IRF-3 and to...
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Allergies in dogs
Michálková, Barbara ; Fiala Šebková, Naděžda (advisor)
The topic of this thesis are allergies in dogs. It describes the categorization and the various manifestations of known allergies and briefly outlines their causes and possible treatment based on the latest scientific findings.
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